On patterns for decentralized control in selfadaptive systems. Graf 9 was proposed for engineering selfadaptive software systems. Software engineering for selfadaptive systems lecture notes in computer science programming and. Adaptive 2020, the twelfth international conference on.
Adaptive 2020, the eleventh international conference on adaptive and selfadaptive systems and applications, targets advanced system and application design paradigms driven by adaptiveness and selfadaptiveness. Pdf we present decide, a rigorous approach to decentralising the control loops of distributed self adaptive software used in missioncritical. Selfadaptive system an automatic control system that preserves its operational capability under conditions of unforeseen change in the properties of the controlled system, in the control goal, or in the environment by changing its operation algorithm or searching for optimal states. A exemplar can be quite generic such as an artifact or rather specific such as a model problem in selfadaptive systems. Automated multiobjective control for selfadaptive software design antonio filieri university of stuttgart stuttgart, germany. Engineering selfadaptive systems through feedback loops. According to this article, the essence of selfadaptive software is aligned with. Control strategies for selfadaptive software systems. Many of the controllers referred as adaptiveare in fact not adaptive in the true sense. For example, if a selfadaptive software system consists of two components the feedforward process can provide specifications of the software and its. Exemplars software engineering for selfadaptive systems. Selfadaptive software with decentralised control loops rc, sg, ab, pp. Moos provides a core autonomy middleware capability and the moos project additionally provides a set of ubiquitous infrastructure utilities. On interacting control loops in selfadaptive systems.
Toward selfadaptive software employing model predictive control. This book constitutes the proceedings of the 18th international conference on fundamental approaches to. A controltheoretic approach to handle uncertainty in. The communication between the managed system and graf framework is. Software quality, modeldriven software, self adaptive software systems, casebased reasoning, runtime uncertainty 1.
With the current tendencies in developing and deploying complex systems, and under the continuous changes of system and application requirements, adaptation is a key feature. Toward selfadaptive software employing model predictive. Autonomy for unmanned marine vehicles with moosivp. Selfadaptive performance monitoring for componentbased. Characterising the ripple e ects of introducing energy. These changes may stem from the software systems self internal causes, e. Decentralisation of control loops, to eliminate the single point of failure cre. Software engineering for selfadaptive systems lecture. Selfadaptive software with decentralised control loops radu calinescu1, simos gerasimou1, and alec banks2 1 department of computer science, university of york, uk 2 defence science and technology laboratory, ministry of defence, uk abstract. For example, as an aircraft flies, its mass will slowly decrease as a result of fuel consumption.
Monitor, analyze, plan, and execute, together forming a mape loop. Control loops in selfadaptive systems are typically conceived as a sequence of four computations. Decentralisation of control loops, to eliminate the single point of failure created by centralised control loops, to improve the exibility of selfadaptive systems, and to ful l the original autonomic computing vision 18. Automated multiobjective control for selfadaptive software. A clear target is therefore to hybridize concepts and method from control engineering, artificial intelligence, computer science and cybernetics, to be jointly adapted and. Qualityaware approach for engineering selfadaptive software systems mohammed abufouda. Self adaptive software with decentralised control loops. A controlbased approach for selfadaptive software systems. We present decide, a rigorous approach to decentralising the control loops of distributed selfadaptive software used in missioncritical applications. An adaptive control system is a control system containing a controller which can use the information it gathers online to change itself and improve its performance. Qualityaware approach for engineering self adaptive.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 18th international conference on fundamental approaches to software engineering, fase 2015, held in london, uk, in april 2015, as part of the european joint conferences on theory and practice of software, etaps 2015. One prominent approach for organizing a control loop in selfadaptive systems is by means of four components that are responsible for the primary functions of selfadaptation. Decide decentralised control in distributed self adaptive software is a rigorous approach to decentralising the control loops of distributed self adaptive software used in missioncritical applications. Such adaptive capability is often a design aspect derived from the software architecture model. Decide uses quantitative verification at run time, first to agree individual component contributions to meeting systemlevel qos requirements, and then to ensure that components achieve.
Darpa board agency in 1997 as selfadaptive software. Meng 8 proposed a control system for selfadaptive software based on a descriptive model of a selfadaptive control system, which employs the control system concepts of feedforward and feedback. Also, we identify a set of challenges for control of self adaptive software sec. Unifying reference model for formal specification of distributed selfadaptive systems. Selfadaptive software with decentralised control loops. Thechoicesdependonthe structure of the system and the complexity of the adaptation goals.
Symposium on software engineering for adaptive and selfmanaging systems seams 2012 zurich, switzerland, june 45, 2012 thomas vogel and holger giese system analysis and modeling group hasso plattner institute university of potsdam, germany. Fase 2015 accepted papers european joint conferences on. The self controlling software model supports three levels of control. This site contains a set of exemplars for self adaptive systems. Selfadaptive software with decentralised control loops carlos canal and gwen salaun. While self adaptive software systems are being adopted in more domains, it is imperative to reformulate, or evolve current methods and tools related to feedback loops. Control strategies for selfadaptive software systems 24.
Toward selfadaptive software employing model predictive control nii shonan meeting on controlled adaptation of selfadaptive systems casas shonan, japan, april 2428, 2016. Pdf control strategies for selfadaptive software systems. Selfadaptive softwareintensive cyberphysical systems. On patterns for decentralized control in selfadaptive. A conflict resolution control architecture for self adaptive. For example, the feedback loops at every stage in royces waterfall model 18 or the risk feedback loop in boehms spiral model 19 are well known. A conflict resolution control architecture for self. Decide decentralised control in distributed selfadaptive software is a rigorous approach to decentralising the control loops of distributed selfadaptive software used in missioncritical applications. The simplest type of goal for an equationbased controller is a reference value to. Building selfadaptive software systems costeffectively and in a predictable.
Ahmed bouajjani, georgel calin, egor derevenetc and roland meyer. Decide uses quantitative verification at runtime, first to agree individual component contributions to meeting systemlevel qualityofservice requirements. From the set of studies identified in stage 1, the first author has extracted the approaches supporting the engineering of collaborative andor decentralized sass control loops i. The different levels group steps into activities with tighter coupling. A language for feedback loops in selfadaptive systems. Selfadaptive performance monitoring for componentbased software systems.
An increasingly important concern of software engineers is handling uncertainties at design time, such as environment dynamics that may be difficult to predict or requirements tha. Control design process this section discusses the design of a control loop for an existing software system. Pdf selfadaptive software with decentralised control loops. A exemplar can be quite generic such as an artifact or rather specific such as a model problem in self adaptive systems. Selfadaptive software withdecentralised control loops radu calinescu1, simos gerasimou1, and alec banks2 1 department of computer science, university of york, uk 2 defence science and technology laboratory, ministry of defence, uk abstract. Self adaptive systems artifacts and model problems. Lncs 7475 software engineering for selfadaptive systems. Supporting contextual requirements adaptation in modern selfadaptive systems in the. To assess the accuracy of our tip approach into the domain of runtime testing for self adaptive software systems, the experiment should be performed on other self adaptive system i. Introduction the majority of the existing work in the literature agrees 1 2 that self adaptivity in software systems is the ability of a software system to adjust its behaviour during run time to handle.
It is also valuable for image6,7 and signal processing applications. We present decide, a rigorous approach to decentralising the control loops of distributed selfadaptive software used in mission. In lecture notes in computer science including subseries lecture notes in artificial. In the illustrative case study there are no dependencies since there is a single goal. The design of complex distributed selfadaptive systems having decentralized. Earliest reference in ieee databases in proceedings of the self adaptive flight control systems symposium, 1959 a more recent definition on selfadaptive software systems abrev. While selfadaptive software systems are being adopted in more domains, it is imperative to reformulate, or evolve current methods and tools related to feedback loops. One prominent approach for organizing a control loop in self adaptive systems is by means of four components that are responsible for the primary functions of self adaptation. All living organisms have a highly developed capacity for adaptation. We contribute with a simple notation for describinginteractingmapeloops,whichwebelievehelpsinachieving b,and weusethisnotation todescribeanumberofexisting patterns of interacting mape loops, to begin to ful. Selfadaptive system article about selfadaptive system. T o this end, we introduce an rqvdriv en approach for decentralised control in distributed selfadaptive softw are. Selfadaptive system article about selfadaptive system by.
Daniel struber, julia rubin, marsha chechik and gabriele taentzer. Decide uses quantitative verification at runtime, first to agree individual component contributions to meeting systemlevel qualityofservice requirements, and then to ensure that components. Toward self adaptive software employing model predictive control nii shonan meeting on controlled adaptation of self adaptive systems casas shonan, japan, april 2428, 2016. Tamura, et al a framework for evaluating qualitydriven selfadaptive software systems.
Fundamental approaches to software engineering 18th. Fundamental approaches to software engineering pp 235251 cite as. The goal is to provide a repository of examples, challenge problems, and solutions that the software engineering for selfadaptive systems community can use. An essential feature of dependable software is its adaptive capability to respond to changes that occur in its operating environment through the dynamic transformation and reconfiguration of its components andor services. One prominent approach for organizing a control loop in selfadaptive systems is. Engineering selfadaptive systems through feedback loops 51 feedback loops have been recognized as important factors in software process management and improvement or software evolution. Selfadaptive software with decentralised control loops core. This includes robotics1, manufacturing plants, avionics, vehicle control3, sensor systems5, and others. Steps in the design and development of a controlbased mechanism for selfadaptive systems. Decide addresses two key objectives from the latest research roadmap for self adaptive systems 21. Also, we identify a set of challenges for control of selfadaptive software sec. Adaptive control is the control method used by a controller which must adapt to a controlled system with parameters which vary, or are initially uncertain. The ivp helm is the primary component of an additional set of. Feedback control loops that monitor and adapt managed parts of a software.
A control strategies for selfadaptive software systems. To this end, we introduce an rqvdriven approach for decentralised control in distributed self adaptive software decide. A typical control based self adaptive software system is a singleinput, singleoutput system that consists of a feedback loop with the following elements figure 3. Selfadaptive software is a response to these demands. Especially the decentralisation of control loops which form the. Self adaptation is typically realized using a control loop.
The goal is to provide a repository of examples, challenge problems, and solutions that the software. Pdf we present decide, a rigorous approach to decentralising the control loops of distributed selfadaptive software used in missioncritical. This chapter describes the moosivp autonomy software for unmanned marine vehicles and its use in largescale ocean sensing systems. Selfadaptive software evaluates its own behavior and changes behavior when the evaluation indicates that it is not accomplishing what the software is intended to do, or when better functionality or performance is possible. Modelbased adaptation of software communicating via fifo buffers. Meng 8 proposed a control system for self adaptive software based on a descriptive model of a self adaptive control system, which employs the. We present decide, a rigorous approach to decentralising the control loops of distributed self adaptive software used in missioncritical applications. Software engineering for selfadaptive systems lecture notes in computer science programming and software engineering lecture notes in computer science 5525 cheng, betty h. This includes robotics1, manufacturing plants, avionics, vehicle control 3, sensor systems5, and others. Pdf on interacting control loops in selfadaptive systems.
A controller synthesis tool for mdps with multiple meanpayoff objectives tb, kc, vf, ak, pp. Facilitating reuse in multigoal testsuite generation for software product lines radu calinescu, simos gerasimou and alec banks. Citeseerx a conflict resolution control architecture for. A typical controlbased selfadaptive software system is a singleinput, singleoutput system that consists of a feedback loop with. Here we extend the applicability of r qv to distributed selfadaptive software. The next step is to analyze the closed loop system and to prove that its behavior. This site contains a set of exemplars for selfadaptive systems. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Formal design and verification of selfadaptive systems with. Pdf control loops in selfadaptive systems are typically conceived as a sequence of four.
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